Organic chemists at all levels are employed by pharmaceutical, biotech, chemical, consumer product, petroleum, and other industries from small to very large. Research and development is the primary opportunity in industry. Research universities that grant Ph.D.s have excellent teaching and research opportunities for Ph.D. chemists, many of whom will have post-doctoral training. Liberal arts colleges and universities also employ mostly Ph.D. chemists where excellent teaching and research are encouraged and rewarded. Government labs also employ organic chemists.