Here is a list of the different types of learning disabilities frequently identified, the signs to be aware of, and the problems the learning disorders cause which affects a child’s ability to learn:
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Learning Disorders
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The child's academic ability falls substantially below their age and education level and significantly interferes with academic achievement
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| Reading Disorder (Dyslexia) 60-80% of individuals with this disorder are male |
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| Mathematics Disorder (Affects 1% of school children) |
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| Disorder of Written Expression | Composing and organizing written text is problematic and filled with grammatical, punctuation and spelling errors, and handwriting is illegible | |
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Motor Skills Disorder
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Commonly associated with other learning disorders
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| Developmental Coordination Disorder (Prevalence as high as 6% for children ages 5-11) Marked impairment in the development of motor coordination which is not due to a general medical condition such as cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy |
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Communications Disorders
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Expressive Language Disorder (Developmental type is usually recognized by age 3 and approximately half of the children outgrow it. Acquired type is due to brain lesions, head trauma or stroke) |
Limited amount of speech and range of vocabulary, difficulty acquiring new words, omissions of critical parts of sentences, use of unusual word order, and slow rate of language development
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Mixed Receptive-Expressive Language Disorder (Detectable before age 4. May occur in up to 3% of school-age children. Two types: Developmental in which speech may begin late and Acquired due to encephalitis or head trauma) |
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Phonological Disorder (2-3% of 6-7 year-olds present with moderate to severe cases) |
Failure to use developmentally expected speech sounds that are appropriate for age and dialect. Errors in sound production and use, substituting one sound for another (e.g., using "t" for a "k" sound. | |
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Stuttering (Affects 1% of pre-pubescent children. Boys outnumber girls 3:1. Onset is typically between 2-7 years-old) |
Disturbance in the normal fluency and time patterning of speech that is inappropriate for the individual's age | |
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