Reading Tips: A Guide for Parents K-3

#1 Reading Tip for Parents: Encourage Reading

Encouraging your child to read is the most important thing you can do to insure your child’s school success. You can help make reading fun, interesting, exciting, and important to your child.

• Take your child to the library often. The library is free and has a large selection of books.
• Read aloud to your child everyday. When you read aloud from a variety of books, your child hears new words, learns that stories have a beginning, middle and an end, reading is fun, and is something you value. Most importantly, reading aloud is something that you and your child are sharing in a special way.
• Listen to your child read aloud everyday. Talk to your child about book characters, what happened in the book, and what he/she liked best about the book.
• Be a reading role model. Make sure your child sees you reading.
• Have reading material in your home such as newspapers, magazines, books, and catalogs.
• Read with your child in unusual places such as under a tree, in the park, in a tent, under the kitchen table, or in a dark room with a flashlight.
• Involve the whole family in reading books (or parts of books) aloud to each other.

The Five Essential Components of Reading

Reading with children and helping them practice specific reading components can dramatically improve their ability to read. Scientific research shows that there are five essential components of reading that children must be taught in order to learn to read.

1. Phonemic Awareness - Recognizing and using individual sounds to create words. Children need to be taught to hear the individual sounds in words. They should be taught that words are made up of small parts of sound called phonemes.
2. Phonics - Understanding the relationships between written letters and spoken sounds. Children need to be taught the sounds associated with individual printed letters and groups of letters. Knowing the relationships between letters and sounds helps children to recognize familiar words accurately and automatically, and "decode" new words.
3. Reading Fluency - Developing the ability to read a text accurately and quickly. Children must learn to read words rapidly and accurately in order to understand what is read. When fluent readers read silently, they recognize words automatically. When fluent readers read aloud, they read effortlessly and with expression. Readers who are weak in fluency read slowly, word by word,
   focusing on decoding words instead of comprehending meaning.
4. Vocabulary Development - Children need to actively build and expand their knowledge of written and spoken words, what they mean and how they are used. As children learn new word meanings or pronunciations, vocabulary is also developing.
5. Reading Comprehension - Acquiring strategies to understand, remember, and communicate what is read. Children need to be taught comprehension strategies, or the steps good readers use to make sure they understand text. Students who are in control of their own reading comprehension become purposeful, active readers.

Things to Look for in Your Child's School Reading Program

Every teacher is excited about reading and promotes the value and fun of reading to students.  

• Kindergarten students are carefully monitored through informal assessments. Students in grades one, two, and three are assessed formally and informally to determine what they know and what they need to know to become good readers.
• All students have an opportunity to read both silently and aloud at school each day.
• Students who need extra help receive reading instructional intervention.
• Every classroom has a collection of books that children want to read. This includes easy and more difficult books.
• Reading instruction and practice includes work on letters, sounds, and blending sounds. Students learn to blend sounds to form new words. 
• Students learn new words and understand their meaning. 
• Students have daily spelling and writing practice.
• The connection between reading and writing is taught daily. 
• Student work is examined and returned to the students. Corrected papers are available for parents to see. 
• All students are read to each day from different kinds of books. Students discuss what they read with teachers and other students.