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Traumatic Brain Injury

Source: State: Missouri State Board of Education
Topics: Child Brain and Nervous System

Definition

Traumatic Brain Injury means an acquired injury to the brain caused by an external  physical force, resulting in total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment, or both, that adversely affects a child's educational performance. The term includes open or closed head injuries resulting in impairments in one or more areas, such as, cognition, language, memory, attention, reasoning, abstract thinking, judgment, problem solving, sensory, perceptual and motor abilities, psychological behavior, physical functions, information processing and speech. The term does not include brain injuries that are congenital or degenerative or to brain injuries induced by birth trauma.

Criteria

A child has a traumatic brain injury when:

  1. A traumatic brain injury/head injury has been diagnosed by a licensed physician or
    through a neuropsychological assessment;
  2. The student's educational performance is adversely affected by deficits in
    acquisition, retention, and/or generalization of skills. Students with a brain injury
    may have rapidly changing profiles, therefore, educational assessment should
    include current documentation of the student's functional capabilities and indicate
    deficits in one or more of the following areas:
  1. Building or maintaining social competence.
  2. Performance of functional daily living skills across settings.
  3. The ability to acquire and retain new skills.
  4. The ability to retrieve prior information.

Professional Judgment

A child may also be deemed eligible if the child displays characteristics of TBI even
though a medical diagnosis of head injury has not been made by a physician. In such
cases, substantial data to document the medical basis for a head injury must be present
in the evaluation report.

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