For more practice on verbal analogy, refer to:
Here is a set of analogy problems. Analogies test your ability to see relationships between words, objects, or concepts. There are many different types of analogy relationships: use or function, part-to-whole, classification, proportion or degree, cause and effect, similarity or difference. In each of these verbal analogies, you will be given a set of two related words, followed by a third word and four answer choices. Of the four choices, you must identify the one that would best complete the second set so that it expresses the same relationship as the first set. A good way to figure out the relationship in a given question is to make up a sentence that describes the relationship between the first two words. Then, try to use the same sentence to find out which of the answer choices completes the same relationship with the third word.
- Cup is to coffee as bowl is to
- dish.
- soup.
- spoon.
- food.
- Exercise is to gym as eating is to
- food.
- dieting.
- fitness.
- restaurant.
- Oar is to rowboat as foot is to
- running.
- sneaker.
- skateboard.
- jumping.
- Window is to pane as book is to
- novel.
- glass.
- cover.
- page.
- Secretly is to openly as silently is to
- scarcely.
- impolitely.
- noisily.
- quietly.
- Artist is to painting as senator is to
- attorney.
- law.
- politician.
- constituents.
- Play is to actor as concert is to
- symphony.
- musician.
- piano.
- percussion.
- Careful is to cautious as boastful is to
- arrogant.
- humble.
- joyful.
- suspicious.
- Pride is to lion as school is to
- teacher.
- student.
- self-respect.
- fish.
- Guide is to direct as reduce is to
- decrease.
- maintain.
- increase.
- preserve.
- Yard is to inch as quart is to
- gallon.
- ounce.
- milk.
- liquid.
- Reptile is to lizard as flower is to
- petal.
- stem.
- daisy.
- alligator.
- Elated is to despondent as enlightened is to
- aware.
- ignorant.
- miserable.
- tolerant.
- Marathon is to race as hibernation is to
- winter.
- bear.
- dream.
- sleep.
- Embarrassed is to humiliated as frightened is to
- terrified.
- agitated.
- courageous.
- reckless.
- Odometer is to mileage as compass is to
- speed.
- hiking.
- needle.
- direction.
- Optimist is to cheerful as pessimist is to
- gloomy.
- mean.
- petty.
- helpful.
- Sponge is to porous as rubber is to
- massive.
- solid.
- elastic.
- inflexible.
- Candid is to indirect as honest is to
- frank.
- wicked.
- truthful.
- untruthful.
- Pen is to poet as needle is to
- thread.
- button.
- sewing.
- tailor.
Answers
- b. Coffee goes into a cup and soup goes into a bowl. Choices a and c are incorrect because they are other utensils. The answer is not choice d because the word food is too general.
- d. A gym is a place where people exercise. A restaurant is a place where people eat. Food (choice a) is not the answer because it is something people eat, not a place or location where they eat. The answer is not choice b or c because neither represents a place where people eat.
- c. An oar puts a rowboat into motion. A foot puts a skateboard into motion. The answer is not choice a because running is not an object that is put into motion by a foot. Sneaker (choice b) is incorrect because it is something worn on a foot. Jumping (choice d) is incorrect because although you do need feet to jump, jumping is not an object that is put into motion by means of a foot.
- d. A window is made up of panes, and a book is made up of pages. The answer is not choice a because a novel is a type of book. The answer is not choice b because glass has no relationship to a book. Choice c is incorrect because a cover is only one part of a book; a book is not made up of covers.
- c. Secretly is the opposite of openly, and silently is the opposite of noisily. Choices a and b are clearly not the opposites of silently. Choice d means the same thing as silently.
- b. An artist makes paintings; a senator makes laws. The answer is not choice a because an attorney does not make laws and a senator is not an attorney. Choice c is incorrect because a senator is a politician. Constituents (choice d) is also incorrect because a senator serves his or her constituents.
- b. An actor performs in a play. A musician performs at a concert. Choices a, c, and d are incorrect because none is people who perform.
- a. Careful and cautious are synonyms (they mean the same thing). Boastful and arrogant are also synonyms. The answer is not choice b because humble means the opposite of boastful. The answer is not choice c or d because neither means the same as boastful.
- d. A group of lions is called a pride. A group of fish swim in a school. Teacher (choice a) and student (choice b) refer to another meaning of the word school. The answer is not choice c because self-respect has no obvious relationship to this particular meaning of school.
- a. Guide and direct are synonyms, and reduce and decrease are synonyms. The answer is not choice b or d because neither means the same as reduce. Choice c is incorrect because increase is the opposite of reduce.
- b. A yard is a larger measure than an inch (a yard contains 36 inches). A quart is a larger measure than an ounce (a quart contains 32 ounces). Gallon (choice a) is incorrect because it is larger than a quart. Choices c and d are incorrect because they are not units of measurement.
- c. A lizard is a type of reptile; a daisy is a type of flower. Choices a and b are incorrect because a petal and a stem are parts of a flower, not types of flowers. Choice d is incorrect because an alligator is another type of reptile, not a type of flower.
- b. Elated is the opposite of despondent; enlightened is the opposite of ignorant.
- d. A marathon is a long race and hibernation is a lengthy period of sleep. The answer is not choice a or b because even though a bear and winter are related to hibernation, neither completes the analogy. Choice c is incorrect because sleep and dream are not synonymous.
- a. If someone has been humiliated, they have been greatly embarrassed. If someone is terrified, they are extremely frightened. The answer is not choice b because an agitated person is not necessarily frightened. Choices c and d are incorrect because neither word expresses a state of being frightened.
- d. An odometer is an instrument used to measure mileage. A compass is an instrument used to determine direction. Choices a, b, and c are incorrect because none is an instrument.
- a. An optimist is a person whose outlook is cheerful. A pessimist is a person whose outlook is gloomy. The answer is not choice b because a pessimist does not have to be mean. Choices c and d are incorrect because neither adjective describes the outlook of a pessimist.
- c. A sponge is a porous material. Rubber is an elastic material. Choice a is incorrect because rubber would not generally be referred to as massive. The answer is not choice b because even though rubber is a solid, its most noticeable characteristic is its elasticity. Choice d is incorrect because rubber has flexibility.
- d. Candid and indirect refer to opposing traits. Honest and untruthful refer to opposing traits. The answer is not choice a because frank means the same thing as candid. Wicked (choice b) is incorrect because even though it refers to a negative trait, it does not mean the opposite of honest. Choice c is incorrect because truthful and honest mean the same thing.
- d. A pen is a tool used by a poet. A needle is a tool used by a tailor. The answer is not choice a, b, or c because none is a person and therefore cannot complete the analogy.
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From 501 Challenging Logic & Reasoning Problems. Copyright © 2006 by LearningExpress, LLC. All Rights Reserved.
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