Most adults are not scared to intervene. There are actually two other issues at stake here: 1) how much the adult knows about the bullying and 2) their understanding of what bullying is.
First, bullying is often unnoticed by adults, in large part because bullies are smart. They attack their victims in crowded hallways, in stairwells where cameras cannot see them, or in places where adults may not be, such as in bathrooms. It also happens online, where teachers may not have access and parents are unaware.
Second, many parents come from an older generation where bullying usually didn't go far beyond nasty teasing. Notice I said, "usually." There were definitely victims of bullying that went far beyond this. However, adults considered bullying to be a natural element of high school: a sort of "survival of the fittest" attitude. Students were less likely to report instances of bullying as a result.
As a teacher, I see how much things have changed. Bullying has become much more violent, and much more viral. Bullies now have a 24/7 audience with cell phones, facebook, and other social media. They damage they inflict is often much more public--at least among their peer group.
It is important for victims and witnesses of bullying to speak up. Tell an adult. It may seem like tattling, but the reality is, bullies continue their behavior because a small handful of their peers cheer them on, and the vast majority condone the behavior by refusing to say anything. In fact, many avoid contact with the victim for fear of becoming a target themselves, which further isolates the victim.
To parents, if your child comes to you and tells you that they are being bullied in school, don't ignore it or dismiss it. Don't tell your child to "just stand up for yourself." The dynamics of bullying are often much more complex than a little teasing. Talk to the teacher. It is very likely that they do not know that the bullying is happening. More than likely, you will get assistance there. If it escalates, or doesn't end after talking to the teacher, talk to the administration, but don't assume it's because "the teacher did nothing." (an accusation I hear far to often.) It is more likely that the bully just shifted his behavior to avoid detection.
The consequences of ignoring bullying are severe, as we have come to understand more and more. Victims often develop psychological trauma as a result: depression, eating disorders, attempted suicides, self-mutilation, etc. A portion become bullies themselves in order to not be bullied themselves. It is important to remember that most young people have not developed the coping mechanisms to deal with these issues, so it is important to help them in whatever way we can.
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