Here is a guide put out by the U.S. Department of Education that you might review:

Teaching Our Youngest
http://www.ed.gov/teachers/how/early/teachingouryoungest/index.html

Additionally, here are some Education.com resources that may offer some insights for you...

Ten Signs of a Great Preschool
http://www.education.com/reference/article/Ref_10_Signs_Great/

Teaching Young Children Through Work and Play
http://www.education.com/reference/article/Ref_Teaching_Young/

Preschool Reading Worksheets and Printables
http://www.education.com/worksheets/preschool/reading/

I hope you find the above resources helpful!

Just a few (very effective methods) off the top of my head....

1) AUTHENTIC, HANDS-ON LEARNING EXPERIENCES

    Provide children with authentic, hands-on learning experiences-DO NOT USE WORKSHEETS.  In preschool you should play to the children's natural curiosities and look to your student's interest to guide lesson planning.  You are setting up children for a lifetime of learning and you should create excitement around what you. Also, the more hands on the activity is, the more learning styles you are engaging, and the more the child enjoys it the more they will learn and retain!

2) MODEL

 Show the children what you expect and want from them. Treat them as you want them to treat you and each other.

3) SPIRAL INSTRUCTION

 Try to revisit ideas/ concepts and introduce them in a new way. For example you could learn about change during a unit on water, frogs, growing up (mothers and babies), plants, etc.

Always keep it fun while learning. Keep the kids moving as much as you can, engaged and loving what they are doing.
It prevents them from getting bored, getting into trouble, and allowing them time to get into things they should not do.