Infants and Toddlers: Ages 0 - 2

Television and Movies

Because no one can influence what happens on television screens, this kind of media does not offer opportunities for interaction. There is very little research evidence to suggest that watching television is beneficial for children of this age.

Since 1999 the American Academy of Pediatrics has specifically recommended that parents avoid all screen media exposure for children under the age of 2. Despite a great deal of controversy, many experts support the AAP recommendation, based on the research to date.

A few studies have suggested that television viewing before age two may be harmful to children’s development. One study showed that when children were in a room with toys, they played less with the toys when an adult television show was on in the background (see this study). In other studies, the amount of television children watched at home predicted lower IQ scores and reduced language skills.

However, one recent study found that watching educational children's programs like Dora the Explorer, Arthur, and Blue’s Clues was related to better language development (see this study).

• See tips for using television safely

Computers

Although there are many products that offer lapware and educational computer games for young children, most children under two do not have the fine motor skills to be able to operate a mouse. There is little research evidence that computers are beneficial for children at this age.

Music

Music is great for children under two, especially instrumental music and songs with simple lyrics. Music can also help young children with memory-building skills. Getting to know classic sing-along songs is a great task for memorization.