Study Habits of Students: Mathematics and Science

The Physical Setting for Study

The physical setting for study affects concentration. Inability to concentrate is one of the major causes of inefficient use of study time. A good location makes it easy to start studying and helps concentration. Here are some points that may help:

1. Locate a good study desk or table located in an area away from distractions, such as other people talking, radio or TV, etc.
2. See that your study area is well lighted and wear glasses if you need them.
3. Study by yourself most of the time.
4. Keep study materials and books near at hand.
5. Make efficient use of study periods and free time during the day at school.

Planning or budgeting your study time is very important. It is essential not to fall behind. Once you fall behind, it is very hard to catch up because there is always new work to be done. This is true of all subjects, but particularly so of mathematics, science, and foreign languages, where an understanding of the material already covered is usually essential to understanding the new material. Here are some points to remember in planning your study time.

1. Make and keep a study schedule.
2. Budget your study time.
3. Use odd moments for studying—take advantage of brief times during the day or enroute to school.

Solve Mathematics and Science Problems Efficiently

Math, science, and engineering courses differ from many others in that the emphasis is on developing an ability to solve problems. Only if you can apply the knowledge gained in reading the textbook or listening to lectures, do you really understand the material. Therefore, practice in solving problems is extremely important—simply rereading the textbook is no substitute! Here are some pointers that may help you:

1. State the question in your own words; be sure you understand what is wanted.
2. Determine what process or formulas you need.
3. List the facts and figures required to answer the question.
4. Estimate your answer; make sure that its numerical value is at least reasonable based on your general knowledge of the subject or similar, previously worked examples.
5. Work out your answer in detail; compare it with your estimate. Be sure the units of the answer are correct or at least reasonable.

From "Careers in Science and Technology" published by the U.S. Department of Energy, National Technical Association and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, September 1993.