Answers
- b. Every 3 feet equals 1 yard, so divide: 6 ft. ÷ 3 ft./yd. = 2 yards.
- c. Every 8 ounces equals 1 cup, so divide: 3 oz. ÷ 8 oz./c. = 0.375 cup.
- c. Every 36 inches equals 1 yard, so divide: 48 in. ÷ 36 in./yd. =
yards, or
written as a decimal.
- e. Each liter equals 0.264 gallon, so for 2 liters: 2 L × 0.264 gal./L = 0.528 gallon. A gallon equals 128 fluid ounces, so multiply: 0.528 gal. × 128 fl. oz./gal. = 67.584 fl. oz. ≈ 67.6 fluid ounces.
- c. 12 inches equals 1 foot, so divide: 652 in. ÷ 12 in./ft. = 54.333 feet. Because trim is sold by the foot, round up. 55 feet must be purchased so that there is enough trim.
- c. One foot equals 12 inches so Thomas's height is 6 ft. × 12 in./ft. = 72 in. + 1 in. = 73 inches. His son's height is 3 ft. × 12 in./ft. = 36 in. + 3 in. = 39 inches. The difference between their heights is 73 in. – 39 in. = 34 inches.
- a. A mile is 5,280 feet, so to find 0.85 mile, multiply: 0.85 mi. × 5,280 ft./mi. = 4,488 feet.
- b. It takes 5,280 feet to make a mile. To find how many miles are in 33,000 feet, divide: 33,000 ft. ÷ 5,280 ft./mi. = 6.25 miles.
- d. One cubic yard requires 27 cubic feet. To find the number of cubic yards in 45 cubic feet, divide: 45 ft.3 ÷ 27 ft.3/yd.3 =
cubic yards.
- b. Because the conversion is from smaller units to larger units, division is required. Every 12 inches equals 1 foot, so to figure out the number of feet in the given number of inches, divide by 12. Then, to figure out how many miles are in the calculated number of feet, divide by the number of feet in a mile, 5,280.
- c. There are 10 millimeters in 1 centimeter: 84 mm ÷ 10 mm/cm = 8.4 cm, not 840 cm.
- d. Multiply the number of minutes in an hour by the given number of hours. There are 60 minutes in an hour. Therefore, there are 120 minutes in 2 hours. Two hours × 60 minutes = 120 minutes.
- a. Multiply the number of seconds in a minute by the given number of minutes. There are 60 seconds in one minute. There are 240 seconds in 4 minutes. Four minutes × 60 seconds = 240 seconds.
- b. To convert 0° F into Celsius, substitute 0 for F in the equation C =
(F – 32): C =
(0 – 32) =
(–32) =
= –17.8; therefore, 0° F ≈–17.8° C.
- b. Set up a proportion based on the ratio of boogie boards to surfboards:
. Cross multiply: 3 × 84 = 12 × s, so 252 = 12 × s. Divide by 12: 21 = s. There are 21 surfboards.
- e. You are given the total number of people (48) and the number of females (16), and are asked to find the ratio of males to females. There are 48 – 16 = 32 males on the trip. The ratio of males to females is
or 2 to 1.
- c. Set up a proportion based on the ratio of the smaller number to the larger number:
. Cross multiply: 8 × n = 5 × 72, so 8 × n = 360. Divide by 8: n = 45. The smaller number is 45.
- c. The proportion of lunch buyers to lunch packers is
. Cross multiply to get 2 × 35 = 7 × p. Multiply 2 × 35 to get 70: 70 = 7 × p. Divide 70 by 7 to get 10 lunch packers.
- a. Set up a ratio of map to real. The proportion is
. Cross multiply to get 1 × 6.2 = 0.25 × r. 6.2 = 0.25 × r. Divide 6.2 by 0.25 to get 24.8 miles long.
- c. Use the formula: interest = principal × rate × time, and substitute known values: interest = $700 × 5% × 18 months. Because the rate is a yearly rate, write 18 months as a number of years: 18 months =
years, which reduces to
years. Because fractions appear in all the answer choices, change the rate (5%) to a fraction:
, which reduces to
. Interest = $700 ×
×
. The total will be the principal plus interest: $700 + ($700 ×
20 ×
).
- e. Each mile equals 5,280 feet. Because there are 4.5 miles, multiply: 4.5 mi. × 5,280 ft./mi. = 23,760 feet.
- d. The two amounts can be added as they are, but then the sum needs to be simplified. 2 pt. 6 oz. + 1 c. 7 oz. = 2 pints 1 cup 13 ounces. Note that the sum is written with the largest unit first and smallest unit last. To simplify, start with the smallest unit, ounces, and work toward larger units. Every 8 ounces makes 1 cup, so 13 ounces = 1 cup 5 ounces. Replace the 13 ounces with the 1 cup 5 ounces, adding the cup portions together: 2 pints 2 cups 5 ounces. Now note that 2 cups = 1 pint, so the sum can be simplified again combining this pint with the 2 pints in the sum. The simplified total is 3 pints 5 ounces.
- b. There are 10 millimeters in every centimeter, so divide: 35 mm ÷ 10 mm/cm = 3.5 cm.
- b. There are 36 inches in a yard. To find the number of inches in 12 yards, multiply: 12 yd. × 36 in./yd. = 432 inches.
- d. It takes 9 square feet to make a square yard. To find out how many square yards are in 182 square feet, divide: 182 ft.2 ÷ 9 ft.2/yd.2 = 20.22 square yards. Since Donna cannot purchase part of a square yard, she has to round up. She must purchase 21 square yards to have enough to carpet the room.
- b. One teaspoon equals 5 milliliters. Therefore,
tsp. × 5 mL/tsp. = 3.75 mL.
- d. One kiloliter equals 1,000 liters: 3.9 kL × 1,000 L/kL = 3,900 L. Each liter equals 1,000 milliliters: 3,900 L × 1,000 mL/L = 3,900,000 mL.
- c. Each mile is about 1,609.34 meters. Divide to find out how many miles are equivalent to 1,500 meters: 1,500 m ÷ 1,609.34 m/mi. ≈ 0.9321 miles.
- a. There are 1,000 mm3 in 1 cm3. Divide to determine how many cm3 are in 58.24 mm3: 58.24 mm3 ÷ 1,000 mm3/cm3 = 0.05824 cm3.
- b. Since one foot equals about 0.3048 meter, 5.5 feet equals: 5.5 ft. × 0.3048 m/ft. = 1.6764 meters. Choice a is much too large. Now convert 1.6764 m into the remaining units given in the answer choices. 1.6764 m × 100 cm/m = 167.64 cm, which is very close to choice b. 1.6764 m ÷ 1,000 m/km = .0016764 km, which eliminates choices c and e. 1.6764 m × 1,000 mm/m = 1,676.4 mm, which is much higher than choice d. The answer is b: 170 cm.
- e. One meter is approximately 3.281 feet. Therefore, 62.4 m × 3.281 ft./m ≈204.73 ft. ≈205 feet.
- c. Multiply the number of years in a decade by the given number of decades. There are 10 years in a decade, so three decades × 10 years = 30 years.
- e. Multiply the number of minutes in an hour by the given number of hours. There are 60 minutes in each hour. Therefore, there are 720 minutes in 12 hours: 12 hours × 60 minutes = 720 minutes.
- d. To convert –10° F into Celsius, substitute –10 for F in the equation C =
(F – 32): C =
(–10 – 32) =
(–42) = –
. C is about equal to –23.3°, so –10° F ≈–23.3° C.
- d. Use the formula D = R × T. The distance is D = 390 miles, and the time is T = 6 hours. The speed is the missing term, R. Substitute known values: 390 = R × 6. Then divide by 6: 65 = R. The speed is 65 miles per hour.
- b. Set up a proportion of quarts of strawberries to price:
. Cross multiply: 4.98 × 10 = 3 × p, so 49.8 = 3 × p. Divide by 3: 16.6 = p. The total price is $16.60.
- c. First, determine the distance to drive to work, using the formula D = R × T. Substitute known values and then multiply: D = 60 ×
, so D = 30. The distance to work is 30 miles.
- d. A scale is a ratio of model to real, keeping the units consistent. The tower is 986 feet tall, and the replica is 4 inches; 986 feet must be converted to inches, by multiplying by 12: 986 times 12 is 11,832 inches. Set up the ratio of replica to real and simplify:
.
- a. Set up a ratio of length to height. The proportion is
. Cross multiply to get 8 × l = 10 × 5.6. Multiply 10 times 5.6 to get 8 × l = 56. Divide 56 by 8 to get 7 feet long.
- d. Use the formula: interest = principal × rate × time, and substitute known values: interest = $5,000 × 8% × 18 months, so interest = $400 × 18 months. Because the rate is a yearly rate, write 18 months as a number of years: 18 months =
years, which reduces to
years: $400 ×
= $600. The total will be the principal plus interest: $5,000 + $600 = $5,600.
Now, determine the time to drive to work at a rate of 40 miles per hour, again using the formula D = R × T. Substitute known values and then divide by 40: 30 = 40 × T, so 0.75 = T. The new time is 0.75 hour, or threequarters of an hour. The problem asks how much extra time it will take to drive. This is the difference between one-half hour and threequarters of an hour. Subtract the fractions, after changing one-half to two-quarters: . One-quarter of an hour is 15 minutes.
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