Lesson plan
Decimals, Decimals, Decimals!
Learning Objectives
Students will be able to use their knowledge of place value to add and subtract decimals.
The adjustment to the whole group lesson is a modification to differentiate for children who are English learners.
Introduction
(5 minutes)- Explain to students that they will put their knowledge of adding and subtracting decimals to use with this game.
- Ask students what the most important rule is when adding or subtracting decimals. (Answer: lining up the decimal point.)
- Write the problem 2.21 + 0.54 on the board as a review. Have students help you solve the problem step by step.
Explicit Instruction/Teacher modeling
(10 minutes)- Tell students the goal of the game is to create an addition expression whose sum is as close to 1.00 as possible. Explain that students will be broken up into groups of four.
- Each group of students will receive a deck of cards. An ace will stand for the number 1, and 10 will stand for the number 0. Face cards are considered "wild cards" and can be used to represent any number of the student's choosing.
- At the start of the round, each student will draw four cards. Their goal is to construct two decimals that, when added together, are as close to a whole, or the number one, as possible. The sum can be greater than, equal to, or less than one. Students will use the cards to determine which digits will go in the tenths and hundredths place of each decimal.
- Give students an example. Have a 10, 2, 6, and 7 set aside. Draw these four cards and think aloud as you decide how to arrange the cards. For example:
- "I know 6 + 7 is 13, which is much greater than 10, and because ten tenths = one whole, I don't want to put those two in the tenths place. I know 7 + 2 is 9 which is pretty close to 10, so I will try putting those in the tenths place."
- Try several different combinations before showing students that the best answer is 0.76 + 0.20 = 0.96. Make sure to show students how to subtract 1.00 – 0.96 to show exactly how close the sum is to one.
Guided Practice
(10 minutes)- Have three student volunteers come up to play a practice round with you for the rest of the class to see.
- Students should write their decimal addition equations on the board and solve them for the class to see. Students should then show how they subtracted 1.00 from their sum (if the sum was greater than one) or how they subtracted their sum from 1.00 (if the sum was less than one). Remind students that the person with the smallest difference is the one who wins.
- Make sure that at least one student (or you) receives a wild card to demonstrate how to replace the wild card with any numeral.
Independent working time
(20 minutes)- Split the class into groups of four.
- Hand out the decks of cards and graph paper. The graph paper should be used to record the addition and subtraction problems, as it allows students to more easily line up the decimal places.
- Students should complete as many rounds as they can in the 20-minute time frame.
- Circulate around the room to make sure students are on task.
Differentiation
Support:
- Students may have the other members in the group help them as they solve the problems. It may be beneficial to strategically choose groups, rather than having students choose their own, to ensure there is an "expert" in each group who can help guide struggling students.
Enrichment:
- Give advanced students extra practice problems that have numbers in various place values, not just the tenths and hundredths places. For example: 1.3 + 2.06 + 12, or 18.2 – 7.005.
Assessment
(5 minutes)- Pass out a notecard to each student. Have them complete the following problems: 1.00 – 0.33 and 0.74 + 0.65. This will allow you to see each individual student's understanding of addition and subtraction with decimals—as well as their understanding of regrouping and place value.
- Observe if they lined up the decimal points correctly and carried over a group of ten when regrouping was required.
- Additionally, while circulating the room during independent work time, look to see that students have a solid grasp of number sense and place value. Are students making intentional choices about which numerals to put in each place value, or are they simply guessing?
Review and closing
(5 minutes)- Have students talk with a partner who was not in their group about the most challenging part of the game.
- Have students share some of their challenges as well as strategies they used when determining which number should be placed in each place value.
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